Developments in Mediterranean Diplomacy

NOVEMBER 2022

Inter-state relations in the Mediterranean are fluctuating between cooperation and tensions. While regional opportunities and spaces for dialogue emerge, differences and rivalries still fuel conflicts. “Developments in Mediterranean Diplomacy” presents a monthly overview of events in support of efforts to improve relations between countries in the Mediterranean, promote regional cooperation, increase inclusivity, resolve conflicts, and advance peace.

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Cooperation

Turkey-Egypt

The first public ministerial meeting in 8 years took place during COP27 between Egypt’s Foreign Minister Shoukry and Turkey’s Minister of Environment Kurum. Presidents Erdoğan and Sisi shook hands during the World Cup in Qatar. Positive statements were issued regarding a new chapter in ties and a possible appointment of ambassadors.

Turkey-Israel

President Erdoğan and incoming Prime Minister Netanyahu spoke on the phone for the first time in 9 years. The two leaders agreed to work together to continue the Israel-Turkey reconciliation process, which was advanced by the outgoing Israeli government. In addition, Turkey has finalized the appointment of its new ambassador to Israel.

 

Tensions

Morocco-Algeria

King Mohammed VI of Morocco did not attend the Arab League Summit in Algeria, despite previous unofficial reports about his intention to do so. Instead, the King has invited Algerian President Tebboune for a dialogue in Rabat, as a possible sign of interest in de-escalation, but the invitation has not been answered.

Israel-Palestine

The Israeli-Palestinian escalation continued in the West Bank and Israel, including military actions, terror attacks and settler violence. “The conflict is again reaching a boiling point,” warned UN Special Coordinator for the Middle East Peace Process Wennesland.

Turkey-Syria

Following a bombing in Istanbul, President Erdoğan signaled a possible ground operation against the Kurds in Syria. After a series of Turkish air strikes there, Erdoğan vowed to create a “Safe Zone” in Syria, also saying that a meeting between him and President Assad is possible.

Libya-Turkey-Greece

Libyan Commander Haftar demanded that Turkey withdraw its military presence from Libya or he will wage a “decisive war to liberate the country”. Greece’s Foreign Minister canceled at the last-minute his visit to Libya’s Tripoli-based administration, due to tensions related to the recent Tripoli-Ankara preliminary maritime and gas deal.

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October 2022